Verification of Payee (VoP) gives every integrating PSP a similar external exchange: look up reachability, send a request, receive a result and present it before payment authorization. Yet the ownership boundary can sit in five different places. A direct participant stack maximizes control. A routing-only RVM removes network work. A full-service RVM can take on matching. A split-provider model separates roles, while an internal orchestration layer makes providers replaceable. Choose by the failu...