Off-grid solar lighting systems look simple: a solar panel collects energy, a battery stores it, and an LED provides lighting at night. However, when the system stops working, the problem is usually not caused by one single component. The failure may come from the interaction between power generation, energy storage, control logic, and the final load. A basic solar lighting system usually works like this: Solar Panel β†’ Battery β†’ Controller β†’ Sensor β†’ LED Load When troubleshooting, it i...